Barabar Caves are a group of ancient rock-cut caves located in the Barabar Hills near Jehanabad in Bihar. They are considered the oldest surviving rock-cut caves in India, dating back to the Mauryan period in the 3rd century BCE. Several caves were dedicated by Emperor Ashoka for the Ajivika sect. The caves are famous for their highly polished granite interiors, known as Mauryan polish. Notable caves include Lomas Rishi, Sudama, Karan Chaupar, and Visvakarma. The arched entrances and echoing interiors show advanced engineering skills of ancient India. Barabar Caves hold great archaeological, historical, and architectural significance. They continue to attract historians, researchers, and tourists from around the world.